Wood Shrinkage Chart: 179 Species, With Movement

Wood shrinks as it dries below about 30% moisture content and swells again when it takes up moisture, and it does so unevenly: most across the growth rings (tangential), about half as much along the rays (radial), and almost not at all along the grain. This chart lists the Wood Handbook shrinkage figures for 179 species, from green to ovendry, with the ratio between the two directions and the figure most woodworkers actually need: how much a 12 in wide flatsawn board moves between a dry winter (6% moisture content) and a humid summer (12%). Use the filter to find a species, sort any column, and use the equations further down for other sizes and moisture ranges, or the wood movement calculator.

Wood shrinkage and movement chart

Find a species

Species	Type	Origin	Radial (%)	Tangential (%)	Volumetric (%)	T/R ratio	C_T (per % MC)	12 in board, 6→12% MC (in)
African mahogany (khaya)	hardwood	Africa	2.5	4.5	8.8	1.80	0.00201	0.145
Afrormosia	hardwood	Africa	3.0	6.4	10.7	2.13	0.00297	0.214
Albarco	hardwood	Tropical America	2.8	5.4	9.0	1.93	—	0.135*
American basswood	hardwood	North America	6.6	9.3	15.8	1.41	0.00330	0.238
American beech	hardwood	North America	5.5	11.9	17.2	2.16	0.00431	0.310
American chestnut	hardwood	North America	3.4	6.7	11.6	1.97	0.00234	0.168
American elm	hardwood	North America	4.2	9.5	14.6	2.26	0.00338	0.243
American sycamore	hardwood	North America	5.0	8.4	14.1	1.68	0.00296	0.213
Andiroba	hardwood	Tropical America	3.1	7.6	10.4	2.45	0.00274	0.197
Angelin	hardwood	Africa	4.6	9.8	12.5	2.13	—	0.255*
Angelique	hardwood	Tropical America	5.2	8.8	14.0	1.69	0.00312	0.225
Atlantic white cedar	softwood	North America	2.9	5.4	8.8	1.86	0.00187	0.135
Avodire	hardwood	Africa	4.6	6.7	12.0	1.46	0.00226	0.163
Azobe	hardwood	Africa	8.4	11.0	17.0	1.31	—	0.289*
Balsa	hardwood	Tropical America	3.0	7.6	10.8	2.53	0.00267	0.192
Balsam fir	softwood	North America	2.9	6.9	11.2	2.38	0.00241	0.174
Balsam poplar	hardwood	North America	3.0	7.1	10.5	2.37	—	0.181*
Banak	hardwood	Tropical America	4.6	8.8	13.7	1.91	0.00312	0.225
Benge	hardwood	Africa	5.2	8.6	13.8	1.65	—	0.222*
Bigleaf maple	hardwood	North America	3.7	7.1	11.6	1.92	0.00248	0.179
Bigtooth aspen	hardwood	North America	3.3	7.9	11.8	2.39	—	0.202*
Bitternut hickory	hardwood	North America	4.9	8.9	13.6	1.82	0.00315	0.227
Black ash	hardwood	North America	5.0	7.8	15.2	1.56	0.00274	0.197
Black cherry	hardwood	North America	3.7	7.1	11.5	1.92	0.00248	0.179
Black cottonwood	hardwood	North America	3.6	8.6	12.4	2.39	0.00304	0.219
Black locust	hardwood	North America	4.6	7.2	10.2	1.57	0.00252	0.181
Black maple	hardwood	North America	4.8	9.3	14.0	1.94	0.00353	0.254
Black oak	hardwood	North America	4.4	11.1	15.1	2.52	0.00230	0.166
Black spruce	softwood	North America	4.1	6.8	11.3	1.66	0.00237	0.171
Black tupelo	hardwood	North America	5.1	8.7	14.4	1.71	0.00308	0.222
Black walnut	hardwood	North America	5.5	7.8	12.8	1.42	0.00274	0.197
Black willow	hardwood	North America	3.3	8.7	13.9	2.64	0.00308	0.222
Blue ash	hardwood	North America	3.9	6.5	11.7	1.67	—	0.165*
Brazilian rosewood	hardwood	Tropical America	2.9	4.6	8.5	1.59	—	0.115*
Bubinga	hardwood	Africa	5.8	8.4	14.2	1.45	—	0.216*
Bulletwood	hardwood	Tropical America	6.3	9.4	16.9	1.49	—	0.244*
Bur oak	hardwood	North America	4.4	8.8	12.7	2.00	0.00365	0.263
Butternut	hardwood	North America	3.4	6.4	10.6	1.88	0.00223	0.161
California red fir	softwood	North America	4.5	7.9	11.4	1.76	0.00278	0.200
Caribbean pine	softwood	Tropical America	6.3	7.8	12.9	1.24	—	0.200*
Cativo	hardwood	Tropical America	2.4	5.3	8.9	2.21	0.00183	0.132
Ceiba	hardwood	Tropical America	2.1	4.1	10.4	1.95	—	0.102*
Chestnut oak	hardwood	North America	5.3	10.8	16.4	2.04	0.00365	0.263
Courbaril (jatoba)	hardwood	Tropical America	4.5	8.5	12.7	1.89	—	0.219*
Cuangare	hardwood	Tropical America	4.2	9.4	12.0	2.24	0.00342	0.246
Cucumbertree	hardwood	North America	5.2	8.8	13.6	1.69	0.00312	0.225
Dark red meranti	hardwood	Asia and Oceania	3.8	7.9	13.1	2.08	0.00267	0.192
Degame	hardwood	Tropical America	4.8	8.6	13.2	1.79	—	0.222*
Determa	hardwood	Tropical America	3.7	7.6	10.4	2.05	—	0.194*
Douglas-fir (Coast)	softwood	North America	4.8	7.6	12.4	1.58	0.00267	0.192
Douglas-fir (Interior north)	softwood	North America	3.8	6.9	10.7	1.82	0.00241	0.174
Douglas-fir (Interior west)	softwood	North America	4.8	7.5	11.8	1.56	0.00263	0.189
Eastern cottonwood	hardwood	North America	3.9	9.2	13.9	2.36	0.00327	0.235
Eastern hemlock	softwood	North America	3.0	6.8	9.7	2.27	0.00237	0.171
Eastern redcedar	softwood	North America	3.1	4.7	7.8	1.52	0.00162	0.117
Eastern white pine	softwood	North America	2.1	6.1	8.2	2.90	0.00212	0.153
Ekop	hardwood	Africa	5.6	10.2	15.8	1.82	—	0.267*
Engelmann spruce	softwood	North America	3.8	7.1	11.0	1.87	0.00248	0.179
Genuine mahogany (Honduran / big-leaf)	hardwood	Tropical America	3.0	4.1	7.8	1.37	—	0.102*
Goncalo alves	hardwood	Tropical America	4.0	7.6	10.0	1.90	—	0.194*
Grand fir	softwood	North America	3.4	7.5	11.0	2.21	0.00245	0.176
Green ash	hardwood	North America	4.6	7.1	12.5	1.54	0.00274	0.197
Greenheart	hardwood	Tropical America	8.8	9.6	17.1	1.09	—	0.250*
Hackberry	hardwood	North America	4.8	8.9	13.8	1.85	0.00315	0.227
Honeylocust	hardwood	North America	4.2	6.6	10.8	1.57	0.00230	0.166
Hura	hardwood	Tropical America	2.7	4.5	7.3	1.67	—	0.112*
Ilomba	hardwood	Africa	4.6	8.4	12.8	1.83	—	0.216*
Incense cedar	softwood	North America	3.3	5.2	7.7	1.58	0.00180	0.130
Indian rosewood	hardwood	Asia and Oceania	2.7	5.8	8.5	2.15	—	0.146*
Ipe	hardwood	Tropical America	6.6	8.0	13.2	1.21	—	0.205*
Iroko	hardwood	Africa	2.8	3.8	8.8	1.36	0.00205	0.148
Jack pine	softwood	North America	3.7	6.6	10.3	1.78	0.00230	0.166
Jarrah	hardwood	Asia and Oceania	7.7	11.0	18.7	1.43	—	0.289*
Jelutong	hardwood	Asia and Oceania	2.3	5.5	7.8	2.39	—	0.138*
Kaneelhart	hardwood	Tropical America	5.4	7.9	12.5	1.46	—	0.202*
Kapur	hardwood	Asia and Oceania	4.6	10.2	14.8	2.22	—	0.267*
Karri	hardwood	Asia and Oceania	7.8	12.4	20.2	1.59	—	0.330*
Kempas	hardwood	Asia and Oceania	6.0	7.4	14.5	1.23	—	0.189*
Keruing	hardwood	Asia and Oceania	5.2	10.9	16.1	2.10	—	0.287*
Laurel oak	hardwood	North America	4.0	9.9	19.0	2.48	0.00350	0.252
Light red meranti	hardwood	Asia and Oceania	4.6	8.5	14.3	1.85	0.00241	0.174
Limba	hardwood	Africa	4.5	6.2	10.8	1.38	0.00187	0.135
Live oak	hardwood	North America	6.6	9.5	14.7	1.44	0.00338	0.243
Loblolly pine	softwood	North America	4.8	7.4	12.3	1.54	0.00259	0.186
Lodgepole pine	softwood	North America	4.3	6.7	11.1	1.56	0.00234	0.168
Longleaf pine	softwood	North America	5.1	7.5	12.2	1.47	0.00263	0.189
Macawood	hardwood	Tropical America	2.7	3.5	6.5	1.30	—	0.086*
Manbarklak	hardwood	Tropical America	5.8	10.3	15.9	1.78	—	0.269*
Manni	hardwood	Tropical America	5.7	9.7	15.6	1.70	—	0.252*
Marishballi	hardwood	Tropical America	7.5	11.7	17.2	1.56	—	0.310*
Merbau	hardwood	Asia and Oceania	2.7	4.6	7.8	1.70	—	0.115*
Mersawa	hardwood	Asia and Oceania	4.0	9.0	14.6	2.25	—	0.233*
Mockernut hickory	hardwood	North America	7.7	11.0	17.8	1.43	0.00411	0.296
Mora	hardwood	Tropical America	6.9	9.8	18.8	1.42	—	0.255*
Mountain hemlock	softwood	North America	4.4	7.1	11.1	1.61	—	0.181*
Noble fir	softwood	North America	4.3	8.3	12.4	1.93	0.00293	0.211
Northern red oak	hardwood	North America	4.0	8.6	13.7	2.15	0.00369	0.266
Northern white-cedar	softwood	North America	2.2	4.9	7.2	2.23	—	0.122*
Nutmeg hickory	hardwood	North America	4.9	8.9	13.6	1.82	0.00315	0.227
Obeche	hardwood	Africa	3.0	5.4	9.2	1.80	0.00183	0.132
Ocote pine	softwood	Tropical America	4.6	7.5	12.3	1.63	—	0.191*
Okoume	hardwood	Africa	4.1	6.1	11.3	1.49	0.00212	0.153
Opepe	hardwood	Africa	4.5	8.4	12.6	1.87	—	0.216*
Oregon ash	hardwood	North America	4.1	8.1	13.2	1.98	0.00285	0.205
Ovangkol	hardwood	Africa	4.5	8.2	12.0	1.82	—	0.211*
Overcup oak	hardwood	North America	5.3	12.7	16.0	2.40	0.00462	0.333
Pacific silver fir	softwood	North America	4.4	9.2	13.0	2.09	0.00327	0.235
Paper birch	hardwood	North America	6.3	8.6	16.2	1.37	0.00304	0.219
Para-angelim	hardwood	Tropical America	4.4	7.1	10.2	1.61	—	0.181*
Parana-pine	softwood	Tropical America	4.0	7.9	11.6	1.98	0.00278	0.200
Pau marfim	hardwood	Tropical America	4.6	8.8	13.4	1.91	0.00312	0.225
Pecan	hardwood	North America	4.9	8.9	13.6	1.82	0.00315	0.227
Peroba de campos	hardwood	Tropical America	3.8	6.6	10.5	1.74	—	0.167*
Peroba rosa	hardwood	Tropical America	3.8	6.4	11.6	1.68	—	0.162*
Pignut hickory	hardwood	North America	7.2	11.5	17.9	1.60	0.00411	0.296
Pilon	hardwood	Tropical America	5.4	11.7	17.0	2.17	—	0.310*
Pin oak	hardwood	North America	4.3	9.5	14.5	2.21	0.00369	0.266
Piquia	hardwood	Tropical America	5.0	8.0	13.0	1.60	—	0.205*
Pitch pine	softwood	North America	4.0	7.1	10.9	1.77	—	0.181*
Pond pine	softwood	North America	5.1	7.1	11.2	1.39	0.00259	0.186
Ponderosa pine	softwood	North America	3.9	6.2	9.7	1.59	0.00216	0.156
Port-Orford cedar	softwood	North America	4.6	6.9	10.1	1.50	0.00241	0.174
Post oak	hardwood	North America	5.4	9.8	16.2	1.81	0.00365	0.263
Primavera	hardwood	Tropical America	3.1	5.1	9.1	1.65	0.00180	0.130
Purpleheart	hardwood	Tropical America	3.2	6.1	9.9	1.91	—	0.154*
Quaking aspen	hardwood	North America	3.5	6.7	11.5	1.91	0.00234	0.168
Ramin	hardwood	Asia and Oceania	4.3	8.7	13.4	2.02	0.00308	0.222
Red alder	hardwood	North America	4.4	7.3	12.6	1.66	0.00256	0.184
Red maple	hardwood	North America	4.0	8.2	12.6	2.05	0.00289	0.208
Red pine	softwood	North America	3.8	7.2	11.3	1.89	0.00252	0.181
Red spruce	softwood	North America	3.8	7.8	11.8	2.05	0.00274	0.197
Redwood (old-growth)	softwood	North America	2.6	4.4	6.8	1.69	0.00205	0.148
Redwood (young-growth)	softwood	North America	2.2	4.9	7.0	2.23	0.00229	0.165
Roble	hardwood	Tropical America	3.6	6.1	9.5	1.69	—	0.154*
Rock elm	hardwood	North America	4.8	8.1	14.9	1.69	0.00285	0.205
Sande	hardwood	Tropical America	4.6	8.0	13.6	1.74	—	0.205*
Sapele	hardwood	Africa	4.6	7.4	14.0	1.61	—	0.189*
Sassafras	hardwood	North America	4.0	6.2	10.3	1.55	0.00216	0.156
Scarlet oak	hardwood	North America	4.4	10.8	14.7	2.45	0.00369	0.266
Sepetir	hardwood	Asia and Oceania	3.7	7.0	10.5	1.89	—	0.178*
Shagbark hickory	hardwood	North America	7.0	10.5	16.7	1.50	0.00411	0.296
Shellbark hickory	hardwood	North America	7.6	12.6	19.2	1.66	0.00411	0.296
Shortleaf pine	softwood	North America	4.6	7.7	12.3	1.67	0.00271	0.195
Silver maple	hardwood	North America	3.0	7.2	12.0	2.40	0.00252	0.181
Sitka spruce	softwood	North America	4.3	7.5	11.5	1.74	0.00263	0.189
Slash pine	softwood	North America	5.4	7.6	12.1	1.41	0.00267	0.192
Slippery elm	hardwood	North America	4.9	8.9	13.8	1.82	0.00315	0.227
Southern magnolia	hardwood	North America	5.4	6.6	12.3	1.22	0.00230	0.166
Southern red oak	hardwood	North America	4.7	11.3	16.1	2.40	0.00369	0.266
Spanish-cedar	hardwood	Tropical America	4.2	6.3	10.3	1.50	0.00219	0.158
Subalpine fir	softwood	North America	2.6	7.4	9.4	2.85	0.00259	0.186
Sucupira (Bowdichia)	hardwood	Tropical America	4.6	7.0	11.8	1.52	—	0.178*
Sucupira (Diplotropis)	hardwood	Tropical America	4.6	7.0	11.8	1.52	—	0.178*
Sugar maple	hardwood	North America	4.8	9.9	14.7	2.06	0.00353	0.254
Sugar pine	softwood	North America	2.9	5.6	7.9	1.93	0.00194	0.140
Swamp chestnut oak	hardwood	North America	5.2	10.8	16.4	2.08	0.00365	0.263
Sweet birch	hardwood	North America	6.5	9.0	15.6	1.38	0.00338	0.243
Sweetgum	hardwood	North America	5.3	10.2	15.8	1.92	0.00365	0.263
Tamarack	softwood	North America	3.7	7.4	13.6	2.00	0.00259	0.186
Tanoak	hardwood	North America	4.9	11.7	17.3	2.39	0.00423	0.305
Teak	hardwood	Asia and Oceania	2.5	5.8	7.0	2.32	0.00186	0.134
Virginia pine	softwood	North America	4.2	7.2	11.9	1.71	0.00252	0.181
Wallaba	hardwood	Tropical America	3.6	6.9	10.0	1.92	—	0.175*
Water hickory	hardwood	North America	4.9	8.9	13.6	1.82	0.00315	0.227
Water oak	hardwood	North America	4.4	9.8	16.1	2.23	0.00350	0.252
Water tupelo	hardwood	North America	4.2	7.6	12.5	1.81	0.00267	0.192
Western hemlock	softwood	North America	4.2	7.8	12.4	1.86	0.00274	0.197
Western larch	softwood	North America	4.5	9.1	14.0	2.02	0.00323	0.233
Western redcedar	softwood	North America	2.4	5.0	6.8	2.08	0.00234	0.168
Western white pine	softwood	North America	4.1	7.4	11.8	1.80	0.00259	0.186
White ash	hardwood	North America	4.9	7.8	13.3	1.59	0.00274	0.197
White fir	softwood	North America	3.3	7.0	9.8	2.12	0.00245	0.176
White meranti	hardwood	Asia and Oceania	3.0	6.6	7.7	2.20	—	0.167*
White oak	hardwood	North America	5.6	10.5	16.3	1.88	0.00365	0.263
Willow oak	hardwood	North America	5.0	9.6	18.9	1.92	0.00350	0.252
Yellow birch	hardwood	North America	7.3	9.5	16.8	1.30	0.00338	0.243
Yellow meranti	hardwood	Asia and Oceania	3.4	8.0	10.4	2.35	—	0.205*
Yellow-cedar (Alaska)	softwood	North America	2.8	6.0	9.2	2.14	0.00208	0.150
Yellow-poplar	hardwood	North America	4.6	8.2	12.7	1.78	0.00289	0.208

Shrinkage from green to ovendry, as a percentage of the green dimension: Wood Handbook Tables 4-3 (North American) and 4-4 (imported). C_T: tangential dimensional change coefficient, Table 13-5. Last column = 12 × C_T × 6 (Eq. 13-2); * = no Table 13-5 coefficient, calculated from tangential shrinkage with Eq. 13-3. Where the Handbook gives one value for a group of species, it is repeated for each. Our arithmetic.

How to read the columns

Radial: shrinkage across the rays, the thickness of a flatsawn board or the width of a quartersawn one.
Tangential: shrinkage along the growth rings, the width of a flatsawn (plainsawn) board. It is the figure to use when the grain orientation is mixed or unknown.
Volumetric: the change in volume, roughly radial plus tangential.
T/R ratio: tangential divided by radial. The higher it is, the more a board tends to cup and the more a square turns diamond-shaped as it dries. Four in five of the species in this chart are between 1.5 and 2.5.
C_T: the fraction of its width a flatsawn board changes for each 1% change in moisture content between about 6% and 14%, the range of wood in use indoors.

Most and least stable common woods

Among the species that have their own page on this site, these have the lowest and highest tangential shrinkage, so the least and most seasonal movement across a flatsawn board:

Lowest tangential shrinkage

Iroko: 3.8% (T/R 1.4)
Genuine mahogany (Honduran / big-leaf): 4.1% (T/R 1.4)
Redwood (old-growth): 4.4% (T/R 1.7)
Western redcedar: 5.0% (T/R 2.1)
Obeche: 5.4% (T/R 1.8)
Indian rosewood: 5.8% (T/R 2.1)
Teak: 5.8% (T/R 2.3)
Eastern white pine: 6.1% (T/R 2.9)
Okoume: 6.1% (T/R 1.5)
Purpleheart: 6.1% (T/R 1.9)

Highest tangential shrinkage

American beech: 11.9% (T/R 2.2)
Jarrah: 11.0% (T/R 1.4)
Keruing: 10.9% (T/R 2.1)
Shagbark hickory: 10.5% (T/R 1.5)
White oak: 10.5% (T/R 1.9)
Sweetgum: 10.2% (T/R 1.9)
Sugar maple: 9.9% (T/R 2.1)
Greenheart: 9.6% (T/R 1.1)
Yellow birch: 9.5% (T/R 1.3)
American elm: 9.5% (T/R 2.3)

Lowest T/R ratio (least tendency to cup)

Greenheart: 1.09
Ipe: 1.21
Southern magnolia: 1.22
Kempas: 1.23
Yellow birch: 1.30
Iroko: 1.36
Genuine mahogany (Honduran / big-leaf): 1.37
Limba: 1.38

Three equations from the Wood Handbook

1. Shrinkage from green to any moisture content (Eq. 4-7). S_x = S₀ × (30 − x) ÷ 30, where S₀ is the green-to-ovendry shrinkage in the chart and x is the final moisture content in percent. It assumes shrinkage starts at about 30% moisture content and is linear below it.

2. Movement of dry wood in use (Eq. 13-2). ΔD = D × C_T × (M_F − M_I), with D the starting width and M_I, M_F the starting and final moisture content. Use C_R for a quartersawn width. It is valid between about 6% and 14%.

3. When there is no coefficient, or a wider moisture range (Eq. 13-3). ΔD = D × (M_F − M_I) ÷ (3000 ÷ S_T − 30 + M_I), with S_T the tangential shrinkage in percent. Neither moisture content should be above 30%.

The Handbook warns that individual boards vary: shrinkage has a coefficient of variation of about 15%, and commercial lumber is rarely perfectly flatsawn or quartersawn, so the equations overestimate width change and underestimate thickness change a little.

Worked examples

How much does sapele move over 24 inches? Sapele has no Table 13-5 coefficient, so use Eq. 13-3 with its tangential shrinkage of 7.4%. From 6% to 12% moisture content, a 24 in flatsawn panel moves 24 × 6 ÷ (3000 ÷ 7.4 − 30 + 6) = 0.38 in (about 3/8 in). Quartersawn, using the radial 4.6%, it moves about 0.23 in. Much sapele is sold quartersawn (ribbon figure), which is one reason it has a reputation for stability.

Does a 4×6 shrink every year? Twice over, in different ways. A green (unseasoned) Douglas-fir 4×6 is dressed to 5-5/8 in wide; drying from green to 12% moisture content shrinks it by 4.6% across the flat-grain face (Eq. 4-7 with 7.6% tangential shrinkage), to about 5.37 in. That shrinkage happens once, over the first months or years as the timber dries. After that it moves seasonally: between 8% and 12% moisture content a 5-1/2 in face changes by about 0.059 in a year, back and forth. This is why the lumber standard gives larger dressed sizes for green lumber (see the lumber dimensions chart).

A 36 in tabletop. Flatsawn white oak (C_T 0.00365) moves 0.79 in across 36 in between 6% and 12%; black walnut (C_T 0.00274) moves 0.59 in. Fix a top with buttons or slotted figure-8 fasteners that let it move, and leave a gap in breadboard ends.

Practical notes

Finishes slow moisture exchange; they do not stop it. Finish both faces of a panel equally so it does not cup.
Quartersawn stock moves about half as much in width as flatsawn and cups less, at the cost of more thickness change.
Wood reaches an equilibrium with the air around it; the equilibrium moisture content calculator gives that figure for any temperature and humidity, and the outdoor averages for 49 US cities.
Length changes are tiny (typically 0.1% to 0.2% from green to ovendry) except in reaction wood, juvenile wood and cross grain, which can shrink far more along the length.

Frequently asked questions

Which wood shrinks the least?

Among the woods with their own page on this site, Iroko (3.8%), Genuine mahogany (Honduran / big-leaf) (4.1%), Redwood (old-growth) (4.4%) and Western redcedar (5.0%) have the lowest tangential shrinkage; teak is 5.8%. See the ranked lists above, or sort the chart.

How much does wood shrink as it dries?

From green to ovendry, the middle 80% of the 179 species here shrink 2.8% to 6.3% radially (the width of a quartersawn board) and 5.4% to 10.5% tangentially (a flatsawn board). Between seasons, wood in use moves only a small fraction of that.

Does white oak or red oak shrink more?

From green to ovendry, white oak shrinks more (10.5% tangential against 8.6% for northern red oak). Once dry, though, their Table 13-5 coefficients are almost the same (0.00365 and 0.00369), so dry boards of the two move about equally between seasons.

How much does maple move?

Hard (sugar) maple has 9.9% tangential shrinkage, one of the higher figures among furniture woods; a 12 in flatsawn board moves about 0.254 in between 6% and 12% moisture content, against 0.179 in for black cherry.

Sources

USDA Forest Products Laboratory, Wood Handbook FPL-GTR-190 (2010): Tables 4-3 and 4-4 (shrinkage), Eq. 4-7 (shrinkage to a given moisture content), Table 13-5 and Eq. 13-2 (dimensional change coefficients), Eq. 13-3 (calculation based on green dimensions), chapter 4 (variability). A US Government work.

Last reviewed: 25 October 2026. Related: wood species database, wood movement calculator, deck board spacing guide, how long to dry lumber. Spotted an error? Please let us know.